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Columbia River Fish Wheel

Columbia River Fish Wheel

This undated photograph of two men standing on the deck of a stationary fish wheel was taken by Benjamin A. Gifford, a professional photographer working …

Oregon History Project
Columbia River from the Cascades to Wappato

Columbia River from the Cascades to Wappato

This map, sketched by explorer Captain William Clark in early November 1805, shows the Columbia River between the Cascade Rapids and Sauvie Island — which Clark …

Oregon History Project
Columbia River Salmon Canning Labels

Columbia River Salmon Canning Labels

These labels show three different brands of Columbia River salmon sold during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. At the top is the Otter Brand, …

Oregon History Project
Commerce on the Willamette River

Commerce on the Willamette River

The steamboats shown in this 1881 lithograph were a vital part of Portland’s economic life. The discovery of gold in eastern Oregon, Idaho, and Montana …

Oregon History Project
Condon Lecture, Development Theory

Condon Lecture, Development Theory

The lecture reproduced above was published in the Oregonian on February 17, 1883. Titled “Development Theory,” it was presented by Dr. Thomas Condon (1822-1907), Oregon’s …

Oregon History Project
Conflict with the Piegans

Conflict with the Piegans

This excerpt from the journal of Meriwether Lewis describes a fatal conflict between members of the Corps of Discovery and a group of Piegans on …

Oregon History Project
Congressman Martin to Pres. Franklin Roosevelt

Congressman Martin to Pres. Franklin Roosevelt

Although Oregon Governor Charles Henry Martin (1935-1939) is best known for his role as a staunch  anti-labor and anti-unionist, he also played a fundamental role …

Oregon History Project
Construction of Cascade Canal and Locks, 1895

Construction of Cascade Canal and Locks, 1895

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began building the Cascade Canal and Locks in 1878, a time when wheat exports from the upper Columbia River …

Oregon History Project
Contract between Seid Chuck & Seufert Bros.

Contract between Seid Chuck & Seufert Bros.

This document is a contract between the Seufert Brothers Company, which ran a salmon and fruit cannery in The Dalles, and Seid Chuck, a Chinese …

Oregon History Project
Co-operative Garden in Toledo

Co-operative Garden in Toledo

This photograph was published in the Oregon Journal on June 5, 1932. It shows employees of the Pacific Spruce lumber mill working in a co-operative …

Oregon History Project

Interpretive Essays

Interpretive essays use primary documents from the Oregon Historical Society archives to help readers imagine the events, people, and issues that shaped Oregon history.